Agricultural modernization in third world countries

Most countries described as third world counties practice agriculture on a wider range in the rural areas. This is preferred as the best alternative of getting money to purchase basic needs like clothing, shelter, education and medication. Post modernization in countries like Nigerian rural areas showed how several men went to the urban area to find jobs and send money back home to their wives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agricultural modernization in third world countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This encouraged urban growth, which saw many peasant families get extra cash to add to their farm incomes. The reason behind this ideology is that, unemployment has been rampant in the developing countries. In order to enhance productivity, most government states decided to encourage agricultural modernization. The need for agrarian reform was inferred by many policy makers. This was to solve the issue of po verty by increasing the peasant earnings. For example, the need to consolidate farms in order to enhance large-scale farming for exportation was suggested by the state. This idea would help most women out of poverty as the state would help them sell their products. However, this concept did not yield any result as most people decide to work on their small plots to cultivate for subsistence purposes (Handelman, 2011, p.167). Due to underdevelopment in third world countries, the state considered the need for integrated rural development to reduce poverty in rural areas. Different policies were pursued to reduce on small corn production and discourage farmers from practicing agriculture for local production. There was a need for removal of trade barriers to allow for competition. The impact of this policy is that it would encourage more agricultural products in the country and discourage local production. In addition, the imported products would compete with the local products and in t he end discourage the farmers from producing corn. The removal of tariff barriers would enhance agricultural modernization. To modernize agriculture, there are elements that can be addresses. For example, using modernized farm equipment for cultivation, encouraging the use of genetically modified seeds to increase yields at the shortest time possible. The government wanted to discourage cultivating of small plots, as they were not economically efficient. However, this ideology failed because this is what the women and their families depend on for survival.Advertising Looking for essay on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reviewing the idea behind dependency theory, it showed that most developed countries were dependent on subsidies due to poverty. These include things like fertilizer and seeds. Country A also depends on foreign aid to assist poor people to have a better living standard. Therefore, to modernize agric ulture, Country A need external help especially in monetary terms to purchase modernized tools like machinery and tractors that will be used for cultivation. Kenya and Nigeria are some of the countries faced with situations like in Country A. Most women in the rural areas are marginalized, and practice farm work most of the time. There are situations when children die of diseases because their mothers cannot afford to pay for hospital bills. According to the Millennium Development Goal 1, the need to address poverty was important. This would see most peasants get access to good hospitals and medications to reduce on deaths. This is the reason men went out to the neighboring cities to get extra cash. However, it was never enough to meet the expenses that women needed. Therefore, to avoid all this issues, they sell the maize they have in stock to meet their heavy daily needs. However, there is democratization in Kenya as compared to Country A. Government controls the prices of commodi ties so that the imports do not compete with the locally available products. In the end, this idea boosts the economy as more revenue is got from the imported goods and locally available products (Griffiths, 2011, p.17). Reference List Griffiths, R. J. (2011). SOC300: Developing World 11/12: 2011 custom edition (21st ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Handelman, H. (2011). SOC 300: The challenge of Third World development: 2119 custom edition (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Longman – Pearson Custom Publishing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agricultural modernization in third world countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Agricultural modernization in third world countries was written and submitted by user Arya D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Weiland; faith and reason essays

Weiland; faith and reason essays In the novel Wieland, Charles Brockden Brown utilizes a dichotomy between faith and reason. The main purpose of this underlying split is to shed light on the fact that the mind can be perverted. In a sense, reason and faith exist mainly as a manner in which the characters, specifically Clara and Wieland, can fully rely upon. The dichotomy between both the supernatural and natural reason manifests a sense of disregard for self-awareness, thus creating a situation in which Carwin can, quite frankly, utilize his disastrous voice. The novel commences with the strange death of the elder Wieland. In turn, this sets the foundation from which the novel builds the conflict between faith and reason. It is also important to note that Clara states, Was this the penalty of disobedience? this the stroke of a vindictive and invisible hand? Is it a fresh proof that the Divine Ruler interferes in human affairs, mediates an end, selects, and commissions his agents, and enforces by unequivocal sanctions, submission to his will? Or, was it merely the irregular expansion of fluid that imparts warmth to our hear and our blood, caused by the fatigue of the preceding day, or flowing, by established laws, from the condition of his thoughts?. This is quite significant because Claras comments appear to create the dichotomy faith and reason. Also, it should be also noted that the characters all seem to have a disregard toward the elder Wielands death. Despite the fact that Wieland is interested in learning and expressions, he is seen as the main embodiment of intense and consuming faith. He is also the only character in the novel that tried to answer the question of his fathers bizarre death. As soon as Wieland hears the first voice, he immediately puts himself under the ruling of faith refusing thus to believe in the possibility of the perversion of his fathers mind. The irony of this situation is that Wieland is then destined to f...

Organisational Behaviour Literature Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Organisational Behaviour - Literature review Example Organisation works as a purposeful collection of people brought together to reach a desired outcome, that is, to achieve the organisational objectives (Kaliski, 2001, p.445). The outcome of the activity may vary from providing a service to producing a product or accumulation of wealth. The process for achieving the goals requires the organisations to formulate various strategies that determine the reporting, task allocation, coordination, and interaction techniques. The foundational values and behaviours are carried along with the development of the organisation, and these elements later turn out to be the cultural effects of the organisation. The culture of an organisation decides how the organisation is going to operate in its business environment, and also about the desired objectives. Therefore understanding the organisational behaviour enables a person to understand the organisational behaviour better. It also helps in analysing the role of employee in the organisational culture . Organisational behaviour has been a well studied subject over the years by student, researchers, and mainly by organisational managements, as a general theory and scholarly research in organisational management. ... Humans are the most valuable assets of an organisation, without them it cannot carry out its everyday business function (Kaliski, 2001, p.445). Therefore, the human resource managers are often asked to find the most effective methods to motivate the employees in their work to achieve the maximum job satisfaction. Organisational behaviour makes use of the information and interprets the findings for the purpose of canalising the behaviour of an individual and the group into an expected result. Achievement of the organisational as well as individual goals depends on the two basic elements; performance of the employees and job satisfaction. Therefore, organisations, in this competitive world, must focus on growth-oriented operations. Organisational behaviour is a comprehensive area that integrates several behavioural sciences such as sociology, psychology, economics, etc in order to find out the extent to which human behaviour contributes to the organisational growth and greater efficien cy. Modern organisations, regardless of their size or nature, emphasise on HR as their major focus of strategic interest. The exceeding significance on this area is attributed to numerous motivational theories which brought forth the idea that employees’ level of performance is highly associated with their level of motivation. As the employees’ perspectives on reward vary, it will be unfair if an organization designs its reward system solely based on fiscal aspects. Usually the reward devise in an organisation is influenced by the managers’ performance assessment. One might admit that there are various factors which disturb the performance-reward equation. For instance, the quality of leadership and organisational structure are highly